Prognostics-based adaptive control strategy for lifetime control of wind turbines

IF 3.6 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Edwin Kipchirchir, M. Hung Do, Jackson G. Njiri, Dirk Söffker
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Abstract

Abstract. Variability in wind profiles in both space and time is responsible for fatigue loading in wind turbine components. Advanced control methods for mitigating structural loading in these components have been proposed in previous works. These also incorporate other objectives like speed and power regulation for above-rated wind speed operation. In recent years, lifetime control and extension strategies have been proposed to guarantee power supply and operational reliability of wind turbines. These control strategies typically rely on a fatigue load evaluation criteria to determine the consumed lifetime of these components, subsequently varying the control set point to guarantee a desired lifetime of the components. Most of these methods focus on controlling the lifetime of specific structural components of a wind turbine, typically the rotor blade or tower. Additionally, controllers are often designed to be valid about specific operating points and hence exhibit deteriorating performance in varying operating conditions. Therefore, they are not able to guarantee a desired lifetime in varying wind conditions. In this paper an adaptive lifetime control strategy is proposed for controlled aging of rotor blades to guarantee a desired lifetime while considering damage accumulation level in the tower. The method relies on an online structural health monitoring system to vary the lifetime controller gains based on a state-of-health (SoH) measure by considering the desired lifetime at every time step. For demonstration, a 1.5 MW National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) reference wind turbine is used. The proposed adaptive lifetime controller regulates structural loading in the rotor blades to guarantee a predefined damage level at the desired lifetime without sacrificing the speed regulation performance of the wind turbine. Additionally, a significant reduction in the tower fatigue damage is observed.
基于预测的风电机组寿命自适应控制策略
摘要风廓线在空间和时间上的变化是风力涡轮机部件疲劳载荷的原因。在以前的工作中已经提出了减轻这些构件结构载荷的先进控制方法。这些还包括其他目标,如速度和功率调节高于额定风速操作。为了保证风力发电机组的供电和运行可靠性,近年来提出了寿命控制和延长策略。这些控制策略通常依赖于疲劳载荷评估标准来确定这些组件的消耗寿命,随后改变控制设定点以保证组件的预期寿命。这些方法大多集中在控制风力涡轮机的特定结构部件的寿命,通常是转子叶片或塔。此外,控制器通常被设计为对特定的操作点有效,因此在不同的操作条件下表现出恶化的性能。因此,它们不能保证在不同的风条件下的预期寿命。在考虑塔内损伤累积水平的前提下,提出了一种转子叶片控制老化的自适应寿命控制策略。该方法依赖于在线结构健康监测系统,通过考虑每个时间步长的期望寿命,根据健康状态(SoH)测量来改变寿命控制器增益。为了演示,使用了一个1.5兆瓦的国家可再生能源实验室(NREL)的参考风力涡轮机。所提出的自适应寿命控制器在不牺牲风力机的调速性能的前提下,对转子叶片中的结构载荷进行调节,以保证在期望寿命下的预定损伤水平。此外,观察到塔的疲劳损伤显著降低。
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来源期刊
Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
27.50%
发文量
115
审稿时长
28 weeks
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