Vitamin D level and its relation with hypothyroidism: Evidence from cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objective: The study was designed to estimate the serum Vitamin D3 levels in hypothyroid individuals to see the status of Vitamin D in them and whether any further supplementation is required or not as per results. Materials and Methods: This study included a total of 125 participants, comprising new hypothyroid cases (n = 19), and known hypothyroid cases (n = 106). All anthropometric and biochemical parameters, triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine or thyroxine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and Vitamin D3 were estimated. Collected data were analysed using SPSS software and an appropriate statistical test was used to test the significance. Results: Serum Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in almost all the individuals who were either new or known cases of hypothyroidism except 3 enrolled individuals. The positive correlation was found between serum Vitamin D levels and thyroid hormones level including TSH (P < 0.006), T3 (P < 0.0001) and T4 (P < 0001). This shows that there is strong correlation between Vitamin D and thyroid hormones, where low levels of Vitamin D were noted in hypothyroidism. Conclusion: The evidence of the current study suggested that most of the hypothyroid individuals were having either deficiency or insufficiency of Vitamin D (106 deficient, 16 insufficient). Males and females’ hypothyroid individuals relationship with Vitamin D levels cannot be summarised which may need a further large study group to comment. Whatever be the levels of T3, T4 and TSH in hypothyroid patients, whether the patient is male or female, Vitamin D supplementation is recommended, which may help in improving their TSH levels as well.