HEALTH AND EDUCATION: AN IMPACT ANALYSIS APPLYING PROPENSITY SCORE MATCHING

Q4 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

Revista Brasileira de Economia Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.5935/0034-7140.20230017

Maria Estela Basilio de Oliveira Rocha, Fábio Nobuo Nishimura

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Abstract

In this paper, we estimated the effect of the School Health Program (PSE) on the total failure, total dropout, and total age/grade distortion rates based on microdata. Data was withdrawn from the School Census and Educational Indicators, published by INEP (Brazilian National Agency for Education and Research), and the list of public schools agreed in 2017 with the PSE, provided by the Ministry of Education (MEC). The Propensity Score Matching method applied sensitivity analyses developed by Ichino, Mealli, and Nannicini (2008) and Oster (2017) and heterogeneous tests to deepen questions intrinsic to the theme. The findings appoint to a fall in the total rates of failure, dropout, and age-grade distortion in schools under PSE compared to schools not participating in the Program. Such effects are significant and stand out in the total failure rate. In addition, it was noted that the PSE causes a more significant impact on the initial grades of middle school (1st to 5th grades) compared to the final years (6th to 9th grades). The sensitivity analyses proposed by Ichino et al. (2008) and Oster (2017) confirmed the result’s robustness. Heterogeneous response tests applied in sample subgroups of teacher characteristics, class characteristics, and socioeconomic level of the school indicated a reduction in the analyzed rates, reinforcing the main result. All considered this study confirmed the hypothesis that schools with PSE agreements present a decrease in the total failure rate, total dropout rate, and total age/grade distortion rate. JEL Codes I00, I11, I18

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健康和教育:应用倾向得分匹配的影响分析

本文基于微观数据，估计了学校健康计划(PSE)对总不及格率、总辍学率和总年龄/年级扭曲率的影响。数据摘自INEP(巴西国家教育和研究局)发布的《学校普查和教育指标》，以及教育部(MEC)提供的2017年与PSE商定的公立学校名单。倾向得分匹配方法应用了由Ichino, Mealli和Nannicini(2008)和Oster(2017)开发的敏感性分析和异质性测试来深化主题固有的问题。调查结果表明，与没有参加PSE计划的学校相比，参加PSE计划的学校的总失败率、辍学率和年龄年级扭曲率都有所下降。这种影响是显著的，在总故障率中很突出。此外，我们还注意到，与中学最后几年(六年级到九年级)相比，PSE对中学最初年级(一年级到五年级)的影响更为显著。Ichino et al.(2008)和Oster(2017)的敏感性分析证实了结果的稳健性。在教师特征、班级特征和学校社会经济水平的样本子组中应用的异质反应测试表明，分析率有所降低，强化了主要结果。综上所述，本研究证实了一个假设，即签订PSE协议的学校在总不及格率、总辍学率和总年龄/年级扭曲率方面有所下降。JEL代码I00, I11, I18

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来源期刊

Revista Brasileira de Economia Economics, Econometrics and Finance-Economics, Econometrics and Finance (all)

CiteScore

0.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

20 weeks

期刊介绍： A Revista Brasileira de Economia (RBE) é a mais antiga publicação de Economia do Brasil, e a segunda mais antiga da América Latina. Seus fundadores foram Arizio de Viana, o primeiro editor, e Eugênio Gudin, um dos mais influentes economistas da história brasileira. A RBE foi apresentada no seu primeiro número pelo professor Luiz Simões Lopes, em uma Introdução que poderia constar ainda hoje de qualquer número da revista.