Light-level geolocation reveals moderate levels of migratory connectivity for declining and stable populations of Black-throated Blue Warblers ( Setophaga caerulescens )

IF 1.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
William Lewis, Robert Cooper, Michael Hallworth, Alicia Brunner, T. Sillett
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Black-throated blue warbler (Setophaga caerulescens) populations have been declining at the southern edge of the breeding range in North Carolina over the past two decades. Determining the causes of population declines in migratory species requires knowledge of the threats faced throughout the entire annual cycle, necessitating accurate information about the migratory routes and non-breeding areas used by birds. We used light-level geolocators to identify the fall migratory routes and non-breeding distributions of adults breeding at the southern edge of the range in North Carolina (n = 5), where populations are declining, and at the core of the range in New Hampshire (n = 8), where populations are stable. The strength of migratory connectivity was moderate (mean = 0.42). New Hampshire birds used non-breeding areas broadly distributed across the Caribbean, whereas North Carolina birds used a restricted non-breeding area largely in the Dominican Republic. Suitable forest cover declined at a higher rate from 2000 to 2019 in the Dominican Republic than in other Caribbean countries (8.4% vs. 2–4% loss), exposing birds from the trailing edge to significantly higher suitable habitat loss on the non-breeding grounds compared with range-core birds. Birds from the two study populations also exhibited differing migratory routes, with North Carolina birds migrating south through Florida and many New Hampshire birds performing an overwater flight from the Carolinas to the Caribbean. Our results suggest the possibility that, at least for this species, forest loss on the island of Hispaniola could be exacerbating population declines at the southern edge of the breeding range in North Carolina.
低光照的地理位置揭示了黑喉蓝林莺(Setophaga caerulescens)种群数量下降和稳定的中等水平的迁徙连通性
在过去的二十年里,黑喉蓝莺(Setophaga caerulescens)的数量在北卡罗来纳州繁殖范围的南部边缘一直在下降。确定候鸟数量下降的原因需要了解整个年周期所面临的威胁,需要关于候鸟迁徙路线和非繁殖区的准确信息。我们使用轻型地理定位器确定了在种群数量下降的北卡罗莱纳州南部边缘(n = 5)和种群数量稳定的新罕布什尔州核心(n = 8)繁殖的成虫的秋季迁徙路线和非繁殖分布。迁移连通性强度中等(平均值= 0.42)。新罕布什尔州的鸟类使用广泛分布在加勒比海的非繁殖区,而北卡罗来纳州的鸟类则主要使用多米尼加共和国的限制非繁殖区。从2000年到2019年,多米尼加共和国的适宜森林覆盖率下降速度高于其他加勒比国家(8.4%比2-4%),与核心范围的鸟类相比,尾部边缘的鸟类在非繁殖地的适宜栖息地损失明显更高。来自两个研究种群的鸟类也表现出不同的迁徙路线,北卡罗莱纳州的鸟类向南迁徙,穿过佛罗里达州,许多新罕布什尔州的鸟类从卡罗来纳州到加勒比海进行水上飞行。我们的研究结果表明,至少对这个物种来说,伊斯帕尼奥拉岛上的森林损失可能会加剧北卡罗莱纳州繁殖范围南部边缘的人口下降。
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来源期刊
Avian Conservation and Ecology
Avian Conservation and Ecology BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-ORNITHOLOGY
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
7.10%
发文量
43
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Avian Conservation and Ecology is an open-access, fully electronic scientific journal, sponsored by the Society of Canadian Ornithologists and Birds Canada. We publish papers that are scientifically rigorous and relevant to the bird conservation community in a cost-effective electronic approach that makes them freely available to scientists and the public in real-time. ACE is a fully indexed ISSN journal that welcomes contributions from scientists all over the world. While the name of the journal implies a publication niche of conservation AND ecology, we think the theme of conservation THROUGH ecology provides a better sense of our purpose. As such, we are particularly interested in contributions that use a scientifically sound and rigorous approach to the achievement of avian conservation as revealed through insights into ecological principles and processes. Papers are expected to fall along a continuum of pure conservation and management at one end to more pure ecology at the other but our emphasis will be on those contributions with direct relevance to conservation objectives.
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