Regenerative Braking of BLDC Motor applied to Electric Vehicles

Abstract

Vehicle uses mechanical brakes to increase friction of wheels for deceleration purposes. However, kinetic energy is converted into thermal energy which reduces the wastage of energy. To avoid this condition regenerative braking scheme has been employed in electric vehicles. This paper proposes a simple method of braking with energy regeneration using BLDC motor for electric vehicles (EVs). Regenerative braking is a procedure in which energy is recovered while brakes are applied. Hence slowing the car, kinetic energy of the car is converted into electrical energy which in turn is used to top up the battery. Due to these, electric vehicles can run for a longer time and extended range without the need of being plugged into an external charger. Usage of brushless DC motor (BLDC) is recommended for implementing the regenerative braking scheme where it can improve efficiency and can extend the driving distance of electric vehicles.