Mortality due to malignant neoplasms of the liver and intrahepatic biliary tract in the state of Mato Grosso in 2020

Abstract

Malignant neoplasms of the liver and intrahepatic biliary tract occupy the third place of cancer deaths in the world and the second most deadly in men and the sixth in women. Eating habits characterized by the consumption of food with high caloric and glycemic indexes, associated with a sedentary lifestyle, provide a greater risk of developing hepatic steatosis, as well as obesity, which, together with the increased incidence of chronic viral hepatitis, excessive alcoholism, and age over 50 years, constitute the main risk factors for the development of these types of cancer. In addition, due to the chronicity of liver pathologies, the diagnosis is usually late, a factor that contributes to increase the mortality rate. Thus, the objective of this work is to analyze the epidemiological profile of deaths due to liver cancer and intrahepatic biliary tract that occurred in the state of Mato Grosso in 2020. This is a cross-sectional study based on data from the Mortality Information System (SIM), made available by the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), and in the population estimate of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) for 2020. A study was carried out of the epidemiological profile of deaths related to liver and intrahepatic biliary ducts neoplasms (CID 10 C-22) of the state of Mato Grosso for the year 2020 regarding age group, sex (gender), and race. A total of 120 deaths due to malignant neoplasms of the liver and intrahepatic biliary tract were reported, corresponding to a mortality rate of approximately 3.4 deaths/100,000 inhabitants, with the proportion of deaths between men and women approximately 4:3. For both sexes, there is an abrupt increase in the incidence of deaths after the sixth decade of life, corresponding to 90% of deaths due to this pathology. Regarding the racial evaluation, deaths are more incident in the yellow race, with about 4.97 deaths/100,000 inhabitants, followed by the black race with 4.87 deaths/100,000 inhabitants. Thus, it is evident that deaths from liver and intrahepatic biliary tract malignant neoplasms in the state of Mato Grosso, in 2020, were concentrated from the sixth decade of life, especially in men, with emphasis on the yellow race. It should be noted that the analysis of epidemiological characteristics is essential for the development of screening policies and early diagnosis in patients with modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors.