Sur « ce que presque tout le monde a à la bouche » : la théorie de la signification de Peirce à la lumière d’une petite phrase de Jean de Salisbury

Abstract

A reference that is as discreet as it is obstinate runs through the pragmaticist inquiry into the meaning of meaning: when he intends to clarify what meaning is, Peirce very often appeals to a quote by John of Salisbury, a rather obscure author of the 12th century. What is the point of mentioning that names “name singulars but signify universals”? My paper intends to show that, in twisting the original purport of the sentence, Peirce uses it for his semiotic, pragmatist and realist theory of signification.