Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities of chloroform leaf extracts of Conocarpus lancifolius Engl

Abstract

Introduction and Aim: Antibacterial substances are abundant in medicinal herbs, which are used in many extremely effective traditional medical therapies. Conocarpus lancifolius Engl. a plant species, has a wide range of therapeutic uses for the handling of haemophilia, inflammation, illness, eye ailments, fever, diabetes and headache. The study's goal was to assess the antibacterial efficacy, in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties of the solvent-based extract of C. lancifolius leaf material. Methodology: The investigation started in March 2023 and C. lancifolius leaves were collected in Tamil Nadu, India. To make the extracts, the maceration technique was employed. The phytochemical constitutions were identified by phytochemical test results. Using the agar diffusion method, the antibacterial capacity of C. lancifolius extracted from leaves was evaluated. Results: At the concentration of 100 microgram/mL level of probability, Gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus in addition to Bacillus cereus, respectively (18 and 21 mm) and Gram-negative microorganisms Escherichia coli combined with Klebsiella pneumoniae (23 and 20 mm) were considerably inhibited. Additionally, it has the strongest antifungal activity (20 mm) against Candida albicans. While the ethanol extract of the leaves significantly inhibited both Gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli as well as the pneumonia-causing bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae (22 and 19 mm) and Gram-positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and the yeast Bacillus cereus (18 and 20 mm). Conclusion: When compared to normal ascorbic acid, which had an antioxidant activity of 87.96 percent, C. lncifolius extract with chloroform exhibited a substantial antioxidant activity of 62.96 percent inhibition. When compared to a larger dose of normal diclofenac (84.11 percent), the more potent quantity of C. lncifolius extract with chloroform significantly inhibited inflammation by 75.12 percent under similar circumstances. Because there are biologically active compounds in the herbal preparation, the current investigation found that C. lancifolius may be a good therapeutic candidate.