Multi-objective Optimization of Laser Welds with Mixed WC/Co/Ni Experiments Using Simplex-centroid Design

IF 0.8 4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Chao-Yang ZHANG, Shenyu CHEN, Lin-gjun XIE, Echo YANG, Tong BU, Ivan CHEUNG, Ming-Der JEAN
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Abstract

This work involves the preparation of WC/Co/Ni blends using different mixing ratios to form Co/Ni/WC composite-based coatings by laser cladding. The effect of each component and their mixtures on the mechanical properties was evaluated using a mixture design approach. The morphologies and microstructures of the laser clads were characterized using a scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction techniques. Cracking behavior and fracture based on residual stresses are explored. In addition, the mathematical models between the three-component mixtures and the mechanical properties of the laser clad were established. The results showed that the welds containing 50 % WC-50 % Ni alloys were successfully deposited by laser cladding with favorable mechanical properties. These welds reduced the remarkable fracture crack activities and did not cause delamination in the laser clads. An increase in WC content significantly enhances wear resistance and microhardness, except for the crack susceptibilities in all mixtures. Additionally, when increased Co/Ni on WC, the reduction of adhesive wear is more significant than that of abrasive wear. Wear resistance is improved by the high content of WC particles in the laser-clad joints. Based on the mixture models, better mixed ratios for the blends that were developed using a multi-objective superimposed optimization technique make these blended materials promising candidates and can ensure the quality of laser clads. The findings from this study will greatly contribute to optimizing the blend ratio of the three-ingredient mixture based on mixture design to enhance structural evolution and mechanical properties, and also obtain better quality laser-clad coatings.
基于单纯质心设计的WC/Co/Ni混合激光焊接多目标优化
本研究采用激光熔覆的方法制备WC/Co/Ni共混物,采用不同的混合比例制备Co/Ni/WC复合涂层。采用混合设计方法评估了每种组分及其混合物对力学性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜和x射线衍射技术对激光熔覆层的形貌和微观结构进行了表征。研究了基于残余应力的裂纹行为和断裂。此外,建立了三组分混合物与激光熔覆层力学性能之间的数学模型。结果表明:采用激光熔覆法制备了含有50% wc - 50% Ni合金的焊缝,焊缝具有良好的力学性能;这些焊缝减少了显著的断裂裂纹活动,并且没有引起激光熔覆层的分层。WC含量的增加显著提高了合金的耐磨性和显微硬度,但所有混合物的裂纹敏感性除外。另外,WC上Co/Ni含量的增加对黏着磨损的减少比磨粒磨损的减少更显著。激光熔覆接头中WC颗粒含量高,提高了其耐磨性。在混合模型的基础上,采用多目标叠加优化技术开发了较好的混合比例,使混合材料具有良好的候选性能,保证了激光熔覆层的质量。研究结果将有助于基于混料设计优化三组分混料的掺合比例,从而改善涂层的结构演变和力学性能,获得更高质量的激光熔覆涂层。
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来源期刊
Materials Science-medziagotyra
Materials Science-medziagotyra 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
10.00%
发文量
92
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: It covers the fields of materials science concerning with the traditional engineering materials as well as advanced materials and technologies aiming at the implementation and industry applications. The variety of materials under consideration, contributes to the cooperation of scientists working in applied physics, chemistry, materials science and different fields of engineering.
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