Impacts of Microplastics on Mangroves - A Review

Abstract

Microplastics are an escalating pollutant that poses risks to the health of both marine and terrestrial environments. These tiny plastic particles have multiple avenues to infiltrate marine ecosystems, including mangrove forests. Notably, mangrove areas exhibit distinct ecological characteristics, leading to varying levels of microplastic contamination compared to other coastal locations. The unique way in which mangrove plants crisscross in the water creates an efficient filtering system, effectively reducing wave energy and turbulence. This, in turn, creates an environment where plastics are more likely to accumulate. Additionally, this accumulation can trigger the production of secondary microplastics through physical processes. Consequently, microplastic pollution is notably high along mangrove zones, impacting mangrove ecology both directly and indirectly. Research studies have demonstrated that varying degrees of microplastic absorption and subsequent translocation in plants can affect plant morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and genetic traits. An analysis of mangrove health has indicated that the presence of microplastic pollution has led to deteriorating or unsatisfactory conditions in all mangrove vegetation. This review is primarily focused on elucidating the impact of microplastics on mangroves. Keywords: Mangroves Ecosystem, Microplastics, Mangroves, Pollution impact.