How accessibility to schools is not (just) a transport problem: the case of public school choice in the city of Malmö, Sweden

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

European Transport Research Review Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI:10.1186/s12544-023-00617-x

Aaron Nichols, Jean Ryan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract There is currently a lack of studies exploring how transport investments and school admission policies in a city can affect the distribution of accessibility to schools. The aim of this study is to investigate if, for whom, and the ways in which, accessibility to schools can change following (1) a change to the city’s public school admission policy and (2) investments in public transport infrastructure and adjustments to the public transport system. We draw on the case of Malmö, Sweden to examine the potential effects of these changes. This study is focused specifically on those in grades 7–9 (aged approximately 13–15), a group whose independent mobility is starting to take form. A geospatial analysis was carried out in order to compare the change in demographic makeup between school catchment areas (real and hypothetical) before and after the changes were made. The geospatial analysis utilises a cumulative opportunity accessibility model that takes into account typical public transport travel times both before and after these new measures were implemented. Findings indicate that the (hypothetical) school catchment areas have been redistributed to a considerable extent following both interventions, but particularly following the change to the public school admission policy. These redistributions have in turn resulted in changes in the socio-economic characteristics of the hypothetical school catchment areas. While the redistribution of school catchment areas could potentially change the socio-economic composition of schools in Malmö, the effects are not equally distributed throughout the city. While the addition of the new train line was the main focus of this study, it was found that other changes in the public transport system between 2018 and 2019 also played a role in determining which schools students could and could not access. The findings from this study highlight the importance of carefully considering the interaction of different effects when assessing policy alternatives.

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学校的可达性如何不(仅仅)是一个交通问题:瑞典Malmö市公立学校选择的案例

城市交通投资和入学政策如何影响学校可达性分布，目前缺乏相关研究。本研究的目的是调查在(1)城市公立学校入学政策的变化和(2)公共交通基础设施的投资和公共交通系统的调整之后，上学的可达性是否会发生变化，对谁来说，以及以何种方式发生变化。我们以瑞典Malmö为例来研究这些变化的潜在影响。这项研究特别关注7-9年级(大约13-15岁)的学生，这个群体的独立行动能力开始形成。为了比较改变前后学校集水区(真实的和假设的)人口构成的变化，进行了地理空间分析。地理空间分析利用累积机会可达性模型，该模型考虑了实施这些新措施之前和之后的典型公共交通出行时间。研究结果表明，在这两项干预措施之后，(假设的)学校集水区在相当程度上已经重新分配，特别是在公立学校入学政策改变之后。这些重新分配反过来又导致假设的学校集水区的社会经济特征发生变化。虽然重新分配学校集水区可能会改变Malmö学校的社会经济构成，但影响并不是在整个城市均匀分布的。虽然新铁路线的增加是这项研究的主要焦点，但研究发现，2018年至2019年期间公共交通系统的其他变化也在决定学生可以和不可以进入哪些学校方面发挥了作用。这项研究的结果强调了在评估政策选择时仔细考虑不同影响的相互作用的重要性。

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来源期刊

European Transport Research Review Engineering-Mechanical Engineering

CiteScore

9.70

自引率

4.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： European Transport Research Review (ETRR) is a peer-reviewed open access journal publishing original high-quality scholarly research and developments in areas related to transportation science, technologies, policy and practice. Established in 2008 by the European Conference of Transport Research Institutes (ECTRI), the Journal provides researchers and practitioners around the world with an authoritative forum for the dissemination and critical discussion of new ideas and methodologies that originate in, or are of special interest to, the European transport research community. The journal is unique in its field, as it covers all modes of transport and addresses both the engineering and the social science perspective, offering a truly multidisciplinary platform for researchers, practitioners, engineers and policymakers. ETRR is aimed at a readership including researchers, practitioners in the design and operation of transportation systems, and policymakers at the international, national, regional and local levels.