A Contention-Based MAC and Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Network Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.4236/wsn.2023.151001

Chung Yee Haw, Azlan Awang, Fawnizu Azmadi Hussin

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Abstract

Advance development of wireless technologies and micro-sensor systems have enabled Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to emerge as a leading solution in many crucial sensor-based applications. WSN deploys numerous resource-constrained sensor nodes which have limited power supply, memory and computation capability in a harsh environment. Inefficient routing strategy results in degraded network performance in terms of reliability, latency and energy efficiency. In this paper, a cross-layer design, Contention-based MAC and Routing protocol is proposed, termed Contention/SNIR-Based Forwarding (CSBF) protocol. CSBF utilizes the geographical information of sensor nodes to effectively guide the routing direction towards destination node, thereby enhancing reliability. Furthermore, Signal-to-Noise-plus-Interference Ratio (SNIR) metric is used as a routing parameter to guarantee high quality link for data transmission. A Contention-Winner Relay scheme is utilized to reduce the delays caused by the contention procedure. Energy efficiency is also improved by introducing sleep mode technique in CSBF. The simulation work is carried out via OMNeT++ network simulator. The performance of CSBF is compared with other existing routing protocols such as AODV and DSDV in terms of packet delivery ratio (PDR), average end-to-end (ETE) delay and energy consumption per packet. Simulation results highlight that CSBF outperforms AODV and DSDV protocols in respect of PDR and energy efficiency. CSBF also has the most consistent overall network performance.

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基于争用的无线传感器网络MAC和路由协议

无线技术和微传感器系统的先进发展使得无线传感器网络(WSN)在许多关键的基于传感器的应用中成为领先的解决方案。在恶劣的环境下，WSN部署了大量资源受限的传感器节点，这些节点的供电、存储和计算能力有限。低效的路由策略会导致网络在可靠性、时延和能效方面的性能下降。本文提出了一种跨层设计的、基于争用/ snir的MAC和路由协议，称为基于争用/ snir的转发协议。CSBF利用传感器节点的地理信息，有效地引导路由走向目的节点，从而提高可靠性。此外，采用信噪比(SNIR)度量作为路由参数，保证数据传输的高质量链路。为了减少竞争过程造成的延迟，采用了竞争赢家中继方案。在CSBF中引入睡眠模式技术，提高了系统的能效。仿真工作通过omnet++网络模拟器进行。在PDR (packet delivery ratio)、ETE (average end-to-end delay)延迟和每包能耗等方面，比较了CSBF与AODV、DSDV等现有路由协议的性能。仿真结果表明，CSBF在PDR和能效方面都优于AODV和DSDV协议。CSBF还具有最一致的整体网络性能。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Wireless Sensor Network

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