{"title":"Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on early growth, root colonization, and chlorophyll content of North Maluku nutmeg cultivars","authors":"Wawan Sulistiono, Himawan Bayu Aji, Sigid Handoko, Jonathan Anugrah Lase, Suryanti Suryanti, Yayan Apriyana, Molide Rizal","doi":"10.1515/opag-2022-0215","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aimed to investigate the agronomic traits of nutmeg transplanting by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation. The low-fertility soil of Sofifi North Maluku was subjected to a slow early growth stage of nutmeg cultivars. A completely randomized design was used in the experiment. The first factor was three different AMF doses: 0, 4, and 8 g seedlings −1 . The second factor consisted of three cultivars: “Ternate 1,” “Tobelo 1,” and “Makian.” Root colonization and agronomic traits were measured 28 weeks after inoculation and transplantation. Results showed that AMF inoculation increased the AM colonization by 2.5–39.0%, significantly increased the leaf area (LA) ( p < 0.01) in all cultivars, and interacted with cultivars to increase chlorophyll a ( Chl a ) ( p < 0.05), chlorophyll b ( Chl b ) ( p < 0.01), and total Chl ( p < 0.01). Cultivars “Makian” showed the highest Chl (188.4%) at 8 g seedling −1 doses of AMF that were significantly ( p < 0.01) different from the cultivar “Tobelo 1” at the same dose. The largest mycorrhizal response was found in the cultivar “Ternate 1” (biomass increase of 30–37.0%). The cultivar “Ternate 1” produced the largest LA (36.7–106.9%) and shoot dry weight (27.8–45.8%) that were significantly ( p < 0.01) different from the other cultivars. The percentage of AM colonization was strongly determined ( R 2 = 0.88) by Chl a , Chl b, and K content in leaves. This technology is a breakthrough to increase LA and plant biomass in the early growth stage of nutmeg cultivation.","PeriodicalId":45740,"journal":{"name":"Open Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Open Agriculture","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0215","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to investigate the agronomic traits of nutmeg transplanting by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation. The low-fertility soil of Sofifi North Maluku was subjected to a slow early growth stage of nutmeg cultivars. A completely randomized design was used in the experiment. The first factor was three different AMF doses: 0, 4, and 8 g seedlings −1 . The second factor consisted of three cultivars: “Ternate 1,” “Tobelo 1,” and “Makian.” Root colonization and agronomic traits were measured 28 weeks after inoculation and transplantation. Results showed that AMF inoculation increased the AM colonization by 2.5–39.0%, significantly increased the leaf area (LA) ( p < 0.01) in all cultivars, and interacted with cultivars to increase chlorophyll a ( Chl a ) ( p < 0.05), chlorophyll b ( Chl b ) ( p < 0.01), and total Chl ( p < 0.01). Cultivars “Makian” showed the highest Chl (188.4%) at 8 g seedling −1 doses of AMF that were significantly ( p < 0.01) different from the cultivar “Tobelo 1” at the same dose. The largest mycorrhizal response was found in the cultivar “Ternate 1” (biomass increase of 30–37.0%). The cultivar “Ternate 1” produced the largest LA (36.7–106.9%) and shoot dry weight (27.8–45.8%) that were significantly ( p < 0.01) different from the other cultivars. The percentage of AM colonization was strongly determined ( R 2 = 0.88) by Chl a , Chl b, and K content in leaves. This technology is a breakthrough to increase LA and plant biomass in the early growth stage of nutmeg cultivation.
期刊介绍:
Open Agriculture is an open access journal that publishes original articles reflecting the latest achievements on agro-ecology, soil science, plant science, horticulture, forestry, wood technology, zootechnics and veterinary medicine, entomology, aquaculture, hydrology, food science, agricultural economics, agricultural engineering, climate-based agriculture, amelioration, social sciences in agriculuture, smart farming technologies, farm management.