고용을 위한 길 : 독일 노동 시장의 우크라이나 난민들을 위한 통합적 도전과 전망

Abstract

European countries have generously welcomed more than 8 million refugees fleeing the conflict in Ukraine. Under the Temporary Protection Directive, Ukrainian refugees are allowed to live and work in any EU member state for up to 3 years without a visa. Over 1 million Ukrainian refugees—many of whom are well-educated individuals and women with children—have found a safe haven in Germany, where policymakers hope for a quick integration of these refugees into the German labor market. However, as this study on Germany reveals, refugees face additional barriers to employment compared to other migrant groups. These barriers include trauma, unpreparedness for the new environment, potential discrimination and exploitation, language difficulties, lengthy credential recognition processes, and—particularly for women—limited access to childcare services. Despite the relatively low employment rate of around 18% among Ukrainian refugees, there is reason for optimism. Stakeholders involved in supporting Ukrainian refugees can play a crucial role in making a difference by expanding the availability of language courses and childcare services, accelerating the recognition of their credentials, and facilitating social networks. These concerted efforts, coupled with capacity building to effectively handle the influx of refugees, have the potential to enhance employment prospects and facilitate the successful integration of numerous Ukrainian refugees in the coming years.