Influence of Mechanical and the Corrosion Characteristics on the Surface of Magnesium Hybrid Nanocomposites Reinforced with HAp and rGO as Biodegradable Implants

IF 1.2 4区材料科学 Q4 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Surface Review and Letters Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI:10.1142/s0218625x24500215

Venkata Satya Prasad Somayajula, Shashi Bhushan Prasad, Subhash Singh

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Magnesium composites stay relevant for the applications of biodegradable implant as they are harmless and possess characteristics such as density and elastic modulus analogous to the cortical bone in humans. But corrosion is one major issue associated with magnesium when the biomedical applications are contemplated. Moreover, load bearing abilities are also required in case of an orthopedic implant. In this study, to achieve the desired implant characteristics, hybrid nanocomposites (HNCs) of Mg–2.5Zn binary alloys such as metal matrix, hydroxyapatite (HAp), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as reinforcements were fabricated via the vacuum-assisted stir casting method. The overall weight percentage of the reinforcements was fixed at 3% and both the reinforcements varied in compositions by weight to prepare the samples S0 (Pure Magnesium), S1 (Mg–2.5Zn–0.5HAp–2.5rGO), S2 (Mg–2.5Zn–1.0HAp–2.0rGO), S3 (Mg–2.5Zn–1.5HAp–1.5rGO), S4 (Mg–2.5Zn–2.0HAp–1.0rGO), and S5 (Mg–2.5Zn–2.5HAp–0.5rGO), respectively. The influence of mechanical characteristics such as tensile strength, compressive strength, and microhardness as well as the corrosion over the surface of the nanocomposite in simulated body fluid (SBF) have been assessed for their suitability as biodegradable orthopedic implants. Results suggest that the fabricated nanocomposites exhibit superior characteristics in comparison to pure magnesium. Increasing the HAp from 0.5 wt.% to 2.5 wt.% enhanced the compressive strength and reduced the corrosion rate. On the other hand, increasing the rGO from 0.5 wt.% to 1.5 wt.% increased the tensile strength. The formation of apatite layer over the composites is observed in the SBF solution. Among all the fabricated hybrid nanocomposite samples, the sample S3 (Mg–2.5Zn–1.5HAp–1.5rGO) with equal wt.% of HAp and rGO exhibited 209.60 MPa of ultimate tensile strength, 300.1 MPa of ultimate compressive strength, and a corrosion rate of 0.91 mm/year thus making it the best suited and a prospective material for biodegradable implant application.

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羟基磷灰石和氧化石墨烯可降解增强镁杂化纳米复合材料表面力学和腐蚀特性的影响

镁复合材料对人体无害，且具有与人体皮质骨相似的密度和弹性模量等特性，因此在生物可降解植入物的应用中具有重要意义。但是当考虑到生物医学应用时，腐蚀是与镁相关的一个主要问题。此外，在矫形植入物的情况下，承重能力也是必需的。本研究采用真空辅助搅拌铸造的方法制备了Mg-2.5Zn二元合金(金属基体、羟基磷灰石(HAp)和还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)作为增强材料)的杂化纳米复合材料(HNCs)。将增强剂的总重量百分比固定为3%，并根据增强剂的重量组成变化，分别制备出S0 (Pure Magnesium)、S1 (Mg-2.5Zn-0.5HAp-2.5rGO)、S2 (Mg-2.5Zn-1.0HAp-2.0rGO)、S3 (Mg-2.5Zn-1.5HAp-1.5rGO)、S4 (Mg-2.5Zn-2.0HAp-1.0rGO)和S5 (Mg-2.5Zn-2.5HAp-0.5rGO)样品。研究人员评估了纳米复合材料在模拟体液(SBF)中的抗拉强度、抗压强度、显微硬度等机械特性以及表面腐蚀对其作为可生物降解骨科植入物的适用性的影响。结果表明，与纯镁相比，制备的纳米复合材料具有优越的性能。将HAp从0.5 wt.%增加到2.5 wt.%，可以提高抗压强度，降低腐蚀速率。另一方面，将还原氧化石墨烯从0.5 wt.%增加到1.5 wt.%，拉伸强度增加。在SBF溶液中观察到复合材料表面形成磷灰石层。在所制备的杂化纳米复合材料样品中，当HAp和rGO的质量分数相同时，样品S3 (Mg-2.5Zn-1.5HAp-1.5rGO)的抗拉强度为209.60 MPa，抗压强度为300.1 MPa，腐蚀速率为0.91 mm/年，是生物可降解植入材料的最佳选择。

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来源期刊

Surface Review and Letters 工程技术-物理：凝聚态物理

CiteScore

2.20

自引率

9.10%

发文量

139

审稿时长

4.2 months

期刊介绍： This international journal is devoted to the elucidation of properties and processes that occur at the boundaries of materials. The scope of the journal covers a broad range of topics in experimental and theoretical studies of surfaces and interfaces. Both the physical and chemical properties are covered. The journal also places emphasis on emerging areas of cross-disciplinary research where new phenomena occur due to the presence of a surface or an interface. Representative areas include surface and interface structures; their electronic, magnetic and optical properties; dynamics and energetics; chemical reactions at surfaces; phase transitions, reconstruction, roughening and melting; defects, nucleation and growth; and new surface and interface characterization techniques.