Fleeting Small-scale Surface Magnetic Fields Build the Quiet-Sun Corona

IF 8.8 1区物理与天体物理 Q1 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Astrophysical Journal Letters Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI:10.3847/2041-8213/acf136

L. P. Chitta, S. K. Solanki, J. C. del Toro Iniesta, J. Woch, D. Calchetti, A. Gandorfer, J. Hirzberger, F. Kahil, G. Valori, D. Orozco Suárez, H. Strecker, T. Appourchaux, R. Volkmer, H. Peter, S. Mandal, R. Aznar Cuadrado, L. Teriaca, U. Schühle, D. Berghmans, C. Verbeeck, A. N. Zhukov, E. R. Priest

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Abstract

Abstract Arch-like loop structures filled with million Kelvin hot plasma form the building blocks of the quiet-Sun corona. Both high-resolution observations and magnetoconvection simulations show the ubiquitous presence of magnetic fields on the solar surface on small spatial scales of ∼100 km. However, the question of how exactly these quiet-Sun coronal loops originate from the photosphere and how the magnetic energy from the surface is channeled to heat the overlying atmosphere is a long-standing puzzle. Here we report high-resolution photospheric magnetic field and coronal data acquired during the second science perihelion of Solar Orbiter that reveal a highly dynamic magnetic landscape underlying the observed quiet-Sun corona. We found that coronal loops often connect to surface regions that harbor fleeting weaker, mixed-polarity magnetic field patches structured on small spatial scales, and that coronal disturbances could emerge from these areas. We suggest that weaker magnetic fields with fluxes as low as 10 15 Mx and/or those that evolve on timescales less than 5 minutes are crucial to understanding the coronal structuring and dynamics.

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短暂的小尺度表面磁场形成了安静的太阳日冕

充满百万开尔文热等离子体的拱形环状结构构成了安静的太阳日冕。高分辨率观测和磁对流模拟都表明，在~ 100 km的小空间尺度上，太阳表面普遍存在磁场。然而，这些安静的太阳日冕环究竟是如何产生于光球层的，以及来自太阳表面的磁能是如何被引导来加热其上的大气的，这是一个长期存在的难题。在这里，我们报告在太阳轨道器的第二次科学近日点期间获得的高分辨率光球磁场和日冕数据，揭示了观测到的安静的太阳日冕下的高度动态磁景观。我们发现，日冕环经常连接到表面区域，这些区域包含在小空间尺度上结构的短暂较弱的混合极性磁场斑块，并且日冕干扰可能从这些区域出现。我们认为，通量低至10 - 15 Mx的弱磁场和/或时间尺度小于5分钟的磁场对于理解日冕结构和动力学至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Astrophysical Journal Letters ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS-

CiteScore

14.10

自引率

6.30%

发文量

513

审稿时长

2-3 weeks

期刊介绍： The Astrophysical Journal Letters (ApJL) is widely regarded as the foremost journal for swiftly disseminating groundbreaking astronomical research. It focuses on concise reports that highlight pivotal advancements in the field of astrophysics. By prioritizing timeliness and the generation of immediate interest among researchers, ApJL showcases articles featuring novel discoveries and critical findings that have a profound effect on the scientific community. Moreover, ApJL ensures that published articles are comprehensive in their scope, presenting context that can be readily comprehensible to scientists who may not possess expertise in the specific disciplines covered.