Ensuring human security through the prism of international legal protection: general theoretical characteristics

Abstract

The article analyzes the problems of ensuring human security through the prism of international legal protection. Approaches to understanding the concept of «human security» in domestic research and in international law are revealed. Emphasis is placed on the special role of the UN in the field of ensuring and protecting human rights. It is noted that the ideas of human security began to develop thanks to the activities of the United Nations, a special group of researchers. In 1994, the report of the UN Development Program was devoted exclusively to human security. The report proposed to develop the idea of expanding the interpretation of the concept of personal security, distinguishing in it two interrelated factors: protection from unexpected and harmful disruptions of everyday life (known as «freedom from fear») and protection from constant threats of hunger, disease, crime and oppression (known as «freedom from want»). Seven separate components of personal security were further distinguished: economic, food, health security, environmental security, personal security (freedom from physical violence and threats), minority security, political security (protection of basic human rights and freedoms). In addition, the article raised the issue of ensuring human security in the conditions of armed conflicts, in particular, the war in Ukraine. Advantages and disadvantages of UN activities in this area are considered. Problems are singled out, without the solution of which it is impossible to fully ensure human rights, especially in the field of their unlawful restriction. Therefore, options for solving these problems are proposed. It was emphasized that in the current conditions, cooperation, support and mediation of international organizations in the settlement of the military conflict is important for Ukraine. The priority in the order of resolution of armed conflicts in Ukraine should belong to the United Nations - the main intergovernmental international organization that supports peace and security throughout the world. Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, which took place on February 24, 2022, shook the security situation in Europe and around the world. This war has already been called the largest armed conflict in Europe since World War II.