Insulator, resister, and conductor are capacitors

Abstract

Abstract The phenomenon of dispersion and absorption in materiel has been interpreted by dielectric polarization for more than a century. A different theory for the phenomenon was constructed after the capacitance had been found in rock. The new theory has also proven that an insulator is with capacitance. The phenomenon of negative dielectric constant in the conductor (metals) is hard to be explained by polarization theory. All the formulas describing the dispersion based on the polarization theory are empirical formulas and contradict with each other. This essay shows that the conductor (metals) is also with capacitance and the negative dielectric constant is mainly caused by induction. The bottleneck effect for the current causes material capacitance. The capacitance formula of this new theory is same to the different polarization based empirical formulas mathematically. The material capacitance formula can be adopted to insulators, resistors, and conductors. In the previous articles conducted by the author, it was proven that the capacitance formula can be adopted to insulators and resistors. In this article, it has mainly proven that the capacitance formula can be also adopted to the conductor. In brief, all the materials such as the insulator, the resistor, and the conductor have capacitance. This paper puts together the explanation of dispersion from the empirical formula to the theory conduced formula.