Brain SPECT Used to Evaluate Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Correlation with Angiography and Transcranial Doppler

Abstract

Purpose The primary objective of this study was to correlate Tc-99m HMPAO and ethyl cysteine dimer perfusion brain SPECT imaging with angiography and transcranial Doppler (TCD) to identify vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methods A retrospective analysis of consecutive patients who had cerebral blood flow SPECT imaging for subarachnoid hemorrhage and aneurysm clipping was made. Flow velocity measurements were correlated using TCD and cerebrovascular angiography. Results Of the 129 patients were included in this study, 84 were female and 45 were male, with a mean age of 51.9 years and a median age of 51 years (range, 9 to 84 years). Eighty-nine patients had brain SPECT evidence of hypoperfusion. Concordance was found between SPECT and TCD with vasospasm in 57 of 89 (64%) patients and nonconcordance was evident in 32 patients (36%). Eleven patients who had concordance between SPECT and TCD had nonconcordant results of angiography for vasospasm. Conclusions These findings suggest that all three methods are complementary to each other in the evaluation of patients with vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Concordance of 64% between SPECT and TCD is acceptable and explicable by the differences in technique and measurement of cerebral blood flow compared with vascular narrowing, respectively.