The Positive Solitude Phenomenon: Debating its' Correspondence with the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework

Abstract

The English word "Solitude" has no accurate translation in Hebrew. Moreover, it has no unanimous definition in empiric literature. It is mostly described as loneliness, social isolation, shyness or other states of being alone. Being alone is connected with negative outcomes such as ill-health or mental deterioration. However, solitude is also described as positive and pleasant. The capacity to positively be alone was named positive solitude (Solanut in Hebrew), yet is not a familiar phenomenon in empiric literature. This review of the literature focuses on the positive aspects of being alone, namely, positive solitude. Thus far, solitude and positive solitude are used interchangeably in literature and have no separate definitions. At times in the past it was not acceptable to enjoy positive solitude experience. However, a new wave of studying the positive solitude phenomenon has begun. This paper aims at reviewing the positive solitude phenomenon. It focuses on its definitions and theories, as well as on its history in common literature, religions, and research. The benefits of positive solitude are also presented. The summary and discussion emphasizes the phenomenon's importance in daily living as well as in research. It raises the question whether positive solitude may be considered as a new domain within the occupational therapy practice framework (OTPF). Both therapists and their clients are invited to validate the experience of positive solitude as a meaningful activity.