A CAPACITAÇÃO DOS ENFERMEIROS E O PROCESSO DA COLETA DO SANGUE DO CORDÃO UMBILICAL E PLACENTÁRIO: O CASO DA MATERNIDADE ESCOLA DA UFRJ

Abstract

Introduction: The umbilical cord blood acts as a connection between the placenta and the fetus during pregnancy. It contains stem cells and can be used as a source for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. General objective: To analyze the training of nurses for the process of UCB collection, considering specific aspects of the hospital Maternidade Escola/UFRJ as a collection station. Specific objectives: 1 - To outline the profile of potential placenta and cord blood donors at UFRJ´s Maternidade Escola hospital. 2 – To define nurses’ training in the placental and umbilical cord blood collection process at UFRJ´s Maternidade Escola hospital. 3 – To assess nurses' training in the placental and umbilical cord blood collection process at UFRJ´s Maternidade Escola hospital. 4 – To elaborate a training program for nurses in the placental and umbilical cord blood collection process at UFRJ´s Maternidade Escola hospital. Method: The objective of the first phase of the research is to outline the profile of potential placenta and cord blood donors at UFRJ´s Maternidade Escola hospital using the case study methodology. The following stages resorted to the action research methodology, with descriptive data conducted with 20 nurses at the public Hospital Maternidade Escola in Rio de Janeiro. Several sources of information were used to collect data (documentary research, interviews, participant observation) in order to establish the participants' different perspectives, and also get multiple measures of the same phenomenon Data were collected in the period from January 2014 to November 2015. To present the quantitative analysis and treatment data were tabulated in a MS Excel® spreadsheet and analyzed using descriptive statistics. For qualitative objectives it was developed a descriptive analysis of frequency and percentage for each of the items of data collection instruments used. The description of the subjective perception in the questionnaires was also used. The research followed the ethical principles of the Resolution 466/2012. Accredited with the opinion number: 722.172 in 07/18/2014. Results: Considering the qualification criteria 73.8% (n = 404) were suitable for donation of UCB, while as per the disqualification criteria it was 89% (n = 490). It was indicated that 62.5% (n = 345) of the maternity hospital patients would be able to donate placenta and umbilical cord blood, depending on their consent. The theoretical workshop had a positive and significant effect on the survey participants’ learning curve. UCB practical workshops took place from September to November 2015 at the ME/ UFRJ's obstetric center. 20 nurses participating in the research attended 18 workshops, collecting a total 87 UCB bags. Nurses that attended the practical workshops felt able to perform the UCB collection. Conclusion: UFRJ's Maternidade Escola hopsital is suited to be a UCB collection point with a significant advantage: the institution’s properly trained nurses can conduct the UCB collections. Nurses’ knowledge in the placenta and umbilical cord collection process improved. The research made it possible to draw up a training education program for UCB collection contributing to other public hospitals with a collection point profile, which can also use this program as a model to train nurses in UCB collection process. Thus these institutions may become another UCB collection point.