EXPRESSION OF GENES OF IMMUNE RESPONSE AND ADAPTATION AND CECAL MICROBIOME COMPOSITION IN MALES AND FEMALES OF CHICKENS (Gallus gallus L.) IN CM5 AND CM9 PREPARENTAL LINES OF SMENA 9 CROSS

Abstract

49±0.19 %, respectively). These microorganisms did not occur in CM5 roosters while in the SM5 hens, their proportion was 0.04±0.01 %. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences were found between the groups in 25 genera, in some genera, it depends on the genotype, in others — on the sex of the bird. For example, in cocks of the CM5 line, the abundance of microorganisms of the genera Barnesiella , Clostridia_UCG-014 and Frisingicoccus was 17.2, 2.0 and 4.9 times higher (p ≤ 0.05), respectively, than in males of the CM9 line. Members of the genus Desulfovibrio were present in the intestines of CM5 and CM9 cocks (0.25±0.08 and 0.73±5.6 %). However, we did not find these microorganisms in the intestines of hens of both lines. Based on the results of bioinformatics reconstruction and functional annotation of NGS sequencing data, we identified 357 putative metabolic pathways in the gut microbial community, 65 of which differed (p ≤ 0.05) be-tween test groups. Genotype-and sex-specific modifications in gene expression, as well as in the structure and function of the gut microbiome, may provide adaptation of a macroorganism under changing conditions.