Los Potenciales Relacionados a Eventos (PREs): una técnica para estudiar el funcionamiento del cerebro durante el procesamiento de información

Abstract

Event-related potentials (ERPs) electrophysiological technique has been used for decades as a reliable neurophysiological toolfor the study of sensory, motor, and cognitive processes. This technique captures the brain’s electrical activity signalsynchronized with a particular event, such as the appearance of an auditory stimulus, a written word, or an image. Given thehigh temporal resolution offered by ERPs, it is possible to study rigorously the course and temporal dynamics of the neuralprocesses involved in information processing. Furthermore, ERPs are also reliable neurophysiological markers for thediagnosis of sensitive pathways disorders and are useful in the study of brain function disorders such as injuries,neurodegenerative diseases, and neuropsychiatric disorders such as Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia. Accordingly, weconsider it relevant to carry out a general review of the theoretical and methodological fundamentals of ERPs.