Frequency and Treatment Outcomes of Isolated Ventricular Hemorrhage Cases Among Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage Patients

Abstract

Background: Bleeding into the ventricular system of brain is called intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). It may be associated with brain parenchyma. Cases of isolated ventricular hemorrhages are found less. Ventricular hemorrhage due to trauma is more commonly seen in premature babies and infants than adults. Uncertainty in recovery is a important issue for such cases. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and the treatment outcomes of isolated ventricular hemorrhage cases among patients with traumatic intracranial hemorrhage. Methods: This prospective observational study was directed in the neurosurgery department of Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, Sylhet, Bangladesh from January 2015 to December 2020. In total 890 Admitted diagnosed cases of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage were chosen for this study as study population. Ultrasonography CT scan, MRI of the brain, MRA, MRV, and CSF were performed according to the patient’s status. Those were collected, processed, analyzed, and disseminated by using MS office and SPSS version 23 as per need. Results: According to this study, in total participants, the highest number was with parenchymal hemorrhage which was 34% (n=302). Besides these, cases with extradural hemorrhage were 33% (n=298), cases with subdural hemorrhage were 17% (n=149%), cases with subarachnoid hemorrhage were 14% (n=124) and cases with isolated ventricular hemorrhage (IVH) were 2% (n=17). So, in this study, the frequency of IVH was found only 2% among all types of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage cases. Among a total of 17 IVH patients, most of the cases were infants or baby which was 59%. And 41% of the IVH patients were adults. In analyzing the outcomes among the IVH patients we observed, early recovery was found in 1 child (5.88%) and in 2 adults (11.76%). Besides these, death was occurred in 6 children (35.29%) and in 3 adults (17.65%). Conclusion: Traumatic isolated ventricular hemorrhage (IVH) causes the worst prognosis in most cases. The survival rate with no residual effect is very minimum. In this study in 2 patients’ history of long coma, for more than 12 weeks was found. Besides these, moderate to severe morbidity was found in some cases.