Salt Segment Identification in Seismic Images of Earth Surface using Deep Learning Techniques

Lakshmi Devi N, Rajasekhar Reddy Bochu, Naveen Kumar Buddha
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Abstract

Salt segmentation is the process of identifying whether a subsurface target is salt or not. There are several places on Earth where there are significant amounts of salt as well as oil and gas. For businesses engaged in oil and gas development, finding the exact locations of significant salt deposits is crucial. Also, lands that have been impacted by salt are not useful for farming. The absorption capacity of the plant reduces due to the presence of salt in the soil solution. So, in order to identify the land that contains salt, salt segmentation is being done. The seismic image of a particular pixel is analysed to classify it either as salt or sediment. TGS Salt Identification Challenge dataset is used which consists of 4,000 seismic image patches of size (101x101x3) and corresponding segmentation masks of size (101x101x1) in training set. 18,000 seismic image patches are present in the test set which are used for evaluation of the model. The existing models have less detection rate. So, this study has proposed two models for identifying the salt region with high detection rate. The primary model used here is a combination of UNET with ResNet-18 and ResNet-34. The secondary model achieves segmentation results by ensembling UNET with ResNet-34, VGG16 and Inceptionv3. Using these two models, the salt region can be determined from the seismic data. IoU is used as performance metric in order to evaluate the model. The outcomes demonstrate that the ensemble model outperforms individual network models and achieves better segmentation results.
基于深度学习技术的地表地震图像盐段识别
盐分割是识别地下目标是否含盐的过程。地球上有几个地方有大量的盐、石油和天然气。对于从事石油和天然气开发的企业来说,找到重要盐矿的确切位置至关重要。此外,受盐影响的土地也不适合耕种。由于土壤溶液中存在盐,植物的吸收能力降低。因此,为了识别含盐土地,需要进行盐分割。对特定像素的地震图像进行分析,将其分类为盐或沉积物。使用TGS盐识别挑战数据集,该数据集由4000个大小为(101x101x3)的地震图像块和相应大小为(101x101x1)的分割掩码组成。测试集中有18,000个地震图像块,用于评估模型。现有模型的检测率较低。因此,本研究提出了两种高检出率的盐区识别模型。这里使用的主要模型是UNET与ResNet-18和ResNet-34的组合。次级模型将UNET与ResNet-34、VGG16和Inceptionv3集成,获得分割结果。利用这两种模型,可以从地震资料中确定盐区。借据被用作评估模型的性能指标。结果表明,集成模型优于单个网络模型,取得了更好的分割效果。
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