RSSI 3D Location Algorithm Based on Multiple Communication Radius and Distance Correction

Abstract

Three-dimensional ranging and positioning algorithms in wireless sensor networks mostly rely on the principle of two-dimensional positioning algorithm. At present, RSSI-based positioning algorithm is widely used because of its simplicity, but RSSI algorithm has high energy consumption and large ranging error when positioning nodes, which affects the service life of the network and the positioning accuracy of nodes. To solve this problem, On the basis of the existing RSSI localization algorithms, this paper proposes a RSSI three-dimensional localization algorithm based on multiple communication radius and distance corrections (MD-RSSI), which selects anchor nodes by five-step communication mechanism and distance correction factor corrects the estimated distance. Firstly, the multi-communication radius is used to communicate with the anchor node step by step, and the distance between the anchor node and the node to be measured is calculated by RSSI's own ranging model. Then, a correction factor is introduced to correct the distance and the free space loss model of energy is used to calculate the remaining energy of the anchor node after communication. Finally, three anchor nodes with a small number of partners and relatively high energy are selected through constraints to locate unknown nodes. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the improved MD-RSSI localization algorithm can reduce the energy consumption of node localization and improve the localization accuracy.