GENERAL NUTRITION PRINCIPLES FOR THE MENTAL AND PHYSICAL HEALTH OF CHILDREN

Abstract

According to the theory of Hipocrates (3rd century BC) "all diseases begin in the intestines". It is now known that intestinal microorganisms participate in physiological processes such as: immune system functioning, detoxification, inflammation, neurotransmitter and vitamin production, nutrient absorption, hunger, and satiety signaling, carbohydrate and fat burning. Thus, a beneficial microbial flora is maintained by proper nutrition. Also, in the literature, there are microbiome-specific associations with different pathologies: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), asthma, autism, allergies, chronic fatigue, depression, anxiety, and diabetes. To prevent these pathologies, in the children's growth and development it must be considered multiple factors: the type of birth (natural or caesarean), genetics, general health, physical activity, sedentarism, sleep quality, and appropriate nutrition.