Battery Charging Strategies Design for Battery Swapping Stations: A Game Theoretic Approach

Abstract

Battery Swapping Stations (BSSs) are rapidly ex-panding infrastructures for electric vehicles. However, the in-appropriate battery charging strategy of BSSs will lead to unnecessary charging costs. In this paper, we study the real-time optimal battery charging strategies for every BSSs in a system under a non-cooperative scenario and dynamic electricity pricing environment. We propose a non-cooperative game model to characterize the BSS charging competition. We prove the existence and uniqueness of Nash Equilibrium under arbitrary swapping demands and battery numbers, and an algorithm is proposed to solve the Equilibrium. Numerical results show that our proposed strategy outperforms the benchmark strategies in terms of overall profits.