Formation and deformation of the Derecske Trough, Pannonian Basin: Insights from analog modeling

Abstract

We present the results of a fault reactivation study that used the analog modeling technique. The modeled tectonic processes represent the formation and subsequent deformation of the Derecske Trough and have implications for the evolution of the entire Pannonian basin system. Structural inversion of former thrusts led to normal faulting during the Miocene and corresponds to the formation, whereas subsequent reactivation of these faults in a strike-slip manner during the late Miocene to Quaternary represents neotectonic deformation of the basin. Modeling results show that reactivation of thrust faults in a transtensional manner can occur in a broad range of dip angles, and of angular differences between the maximum principal stress axis and the strike of the fault. The reactivation pattern of strike-slip zones in sandbox models critically depends on the orientation of the fault system with respect to the confining stress field, on the material property of the sand, and on the presence of a lubricant layer, representing a potential detachment horizon at the base of the models. The shear zones at the border zones of the Derecske pull-apart basin are prone to further reactivation, regarding the present-day stress field in the area. These inferences are confirmed by the recent seismic activity of the area, and point to the key importance of fault reactivation studies during seismic hazard assessment.