The use of the internet for sexual and intimate purposes by individuals with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review and thematic analysis

Abstract

The expression of sexuality is integral to being human, and adults with intellectual disabilities access the internet to express their sexuality through chatting with others, looking at sexual content, or meeting others online to pursue a sexual or romantic relationship (Löfgren-Mårtenson, 2008). The review aims to explore the views and experiences of adults with intellectual disabilities, their families, and staff regarding accessing the internet for sexual and intimate purposes.Six primary studies published in the English Language were identified from electronic database searches (PsycINFO, EMBASE, MEDLINE, ASSIA, CINAHL, and SCOPUS), which were rated against inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as quality criteria. Findings were analysed using thematic synthesis (Thomas & Harden, 2008).Three analytic themes were identified: (a) Navigating the online world: Norms and Netiquettes’, (b) ‘Exploring and expressing intimacy’, and (c) ‘My identity and the internet: The Digital Me’.Examination of the themes highlights that many adults with intellectual disabilities use the internet for sexual purposes and have positive experiences of accessing the web. Several barriers to accessing the internet were identified, such as safeguarding concerns and cyber-etiquette. Professionals and family members highlighted concerns regarding risk and vulnerability. It is recommended that services have clearer policies around supporting adults to access the internet for sexual purposes, and training and education around safe use for both adults with intellectual disabilities and those who support them.