Tabagismo e uso de anticoncepcionais orais relacionados a fenômenos tromboembólicos: relato de caso e revisão de literatura

Abstract

Purpose

Conduct a review of the literature on smoking and use of oral contraceptives related to thromboembolic events, with presentation of the case of proximal thrombosis of the superior mesenteric artery and extensive necrosis of the small intestine in a female patient with probable coagulopathy caused by the association of oral contraceptive with smoking.

Materials and methods

This study consisted of a literature review, with selection of national and international scientific articles through research in PubMed, Lilacs and SciELO database.

Results

The relationship between the use of combined oral contraceptives and increased risk of thromboembolic disease is based on the procoagulant action of OCs, which translates into a risk factor for the occurrence of arterial and venous thrombosis. Smoking alone has moderately increased risk of venous thrombosis compared with non‐smokers. Besides that, there is a relation between the superior mesenteric artery thrombosis with the use of oral contraceptives associated with smoking.

Conclusion

All analysed studies have confirmed the use of OCs and smoking as risk factors for the development of thromboembolic diseases. The study based on the clinical history of the patient suggests a case of secondary arterial thrombosis coagulopathy by combining smoking with the use of combined OCs.