The COVID-19 pandemic in different countries: Russia, Brazil and India

Abstract

At the end of December 2019, cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology were registered in China. The cause represented by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was established later. The infection has spread rapidly around the world. According to the latest official data, over 531,959,093 cases of the infection and over 6,299,068 confirmed COVID-19-related mortality cases were reported in 215 countries. The study aimed to examine characteristic features of the novel coronavirus pandemic in Russia, Brazil, and India from April 2020 to March 2022. Official statistical data on COVID-19-related morbidity, mortality, and vaccination from the websites of the Russian Federal State Agency for Health and Consumer Rights and Johns Hopkins Institute were collected for every country from April 01, 2020, to March 01, 2022. Out of the three examined countries, the highest incidence and mortality for COVID-19 per one million people were found in Brazil, followed by Russia and India respectively. The level of vaccination was the highest in Brazil (73%). It was followed by India (53%) and Russia (50%). The Delta variant of the virus was first identified in India in October 2020. In June of the next year, it accounted for the majority of COVID-19 cases registered in three countries. The same was true for the Omicron variant. Despite the efforts taken within the last two years to contain COVID-19 (development of vaccines, use of other antiepidemic agents), the coronavirus infection is still of cyclical patterns along with increased morbidity. Based on the obtained data, massive vaccination effectively reduced mortality due to COVID-19 though many new variants occurred.