Power, Marginality, and Participation in Mexico City, 1870–2000

John Tutino
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Abstract

Traces changing economic ways and political participations in the Mexican capital from the era of late nineteenth liberalism and emerging informalities, into times of revolution after 1910, through the post-revolutionary turn to national capitalism and the construction of an authoritarian regime. With industrial boom after 1940, neither employment or resources proved sufficient to formal development in a rapidly expanding city, leading to barrio-based informal urbanization, as people built their own homes and new neighbourhoods—and turned to neighbourhood mobilizations to make demands and preserve limited gains. With globalization under NAFTA from 1990s, de-industrialization spread marginality while population continued to grow. The democratization of 2000 brought few gains to people facing marginal and informal lives in a city still the national capital, a pivot of power serving globalization, and the largest metropolitan region in the Americas.
墨西哥城的权力、边缘化和参与,1870-2000
追溯墨西哥首都的经济方式和政治参与的变化,从19世纪末的自由主义和新兴的非正式主义时代,到1910年后的革命时代,通过革命后转向国家资本主义和专制政权的建设。随着1940年后的工业繁荣,在一个迅速扩张的城市中,就业和资源都不足以满足正式发展,导致了以区域为基础的非正式城市化,因为人们建造了自己的房屋和新社区,并转向社区动员来提出要求并保留有限的收益。随着20世纪90年代北美自由贸易协定下的全球化,在人口持续增长的同时,去工业化传播了边缘化。2000年的民主化并没有给在这个城市面临边缘和非正式生活的人们带来什么好处,这个城市仍然是国家的首都,是为全球化服务的权力中心,也是美洲最大的大都市区。
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