EVALUATION OF SOME HORTICULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ALLICIN CONTENT FOR SOME GARLIC GENOTYPES

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out during the two successive winter seasons of 2017/2018 and 2018/ 2019 at the Farm of Sids Hort. Res. Station, Agric. Res. Center, Beni–Suief Governorate, Egypt, to evaluate of some five garlic genotypes, namely Egyptian (Balady) and Sids-50 (soft neck garlic white),  Sids-40, Eggaseed-1 and Eggeseed-2 (hard neck garlic purple) on  some vegetative growth, bulb characteristics and productivity as well as Allicin content in cloves  during  fresh and cured yield  . The results showed the uppermost plant height, maximum leaves number  per plant and longest leaf,   highest total plant fresh weight/ plant, bulb diameter, both fresh and cured yield / fed. were obtained by Sids-50 genotype in both seasons. Meanwhile, Eggaseed-2 cultivar  gave the largest leaf width and  bulbing ratio.  However, Balday cultivar recorded the highest number of cloves/ bulb in both seasons. The relative increases in  cured yield due to  Sids -50 genotype  were  about (6.15 and 22.58 %) over Baldy cultivar ,  (30.18 and 31.03 %)  over Sids-40, (15.0 and 24.59 %)  over Eggaseed-1 and ( 68.29 and 80.95 % ) over  Eggaseed-1  in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively.    The maximum concentrations of Allicin content in fresh and cured cloves of garlic were recorded with the two cultivars Eggaseed-2 and Sids-40, while  the minimum concentrations were recorded with  Sids- 50 genotype and Baldy cultivar  in both  growing seasons. Conclusively: It could be concluded that the highest garlic growth, yield and its components can be achieved from Sids-50 garlic cultivar followed by cv. Balady, and Eggaseed-1 (purple). In order to obtain the highest Allicin content it is recommended to cultivate Sids-40 or Eggaseed-2.