Empirical study of the impact of liquidity risk on the financial performance: A study of selected commercial banks in Bangladesh

Abstract

As liquidity risk is affecting the banking industry of Bangladesh, the study aims to analyze the impact of liquidity risk on financial performance of selected commercial banks in Bangladesh. The study applied a descriptive research design and targeted 20 commercial banks in Bangladesh, with secondary data collected over the span of five years from 2014 to 2018 and analyzed by employing the panel regression analysis model. Nine factors affecting financial performance of selected commercial banks in Bangladesh were selected and investigated. In the study, Return on Asset (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) are used as bank performance measurement tools and Non-Performing Loan ratio (NPLR), Capital Adequacy ratio (CAR), Capital to Total Asset ratio (CTAR), Loan to Deposit ratio (LTD), Loan to Total Asset ratio (LTA), Deposit to Asset ratio (DTA), Cash to Deposit ratio (CDR), Liquidity Coverage ratio (LCR), and Net Stable Funding ratio (NSFR) are used as liquidity risk indicators. The result of panel data regression analysis showed that NPLR, CAR, LTD, and DTA had negative and statistically significant impact whereas, LTA, CTAR, and LCR had positive and statistically significant impact on the financial performance of selected commercial banks in Bangladesh. However, CDR and NSFR had no statistically significant impact on financial performance of the chosen banks for the sample period. Therefore, it has been identified that the liquidity risk is negatively affecting the financial performance of the selected commercial banks in Bangladesh.