Effects Sequential Usage of Coagulations (Ferric Chloride or Alum) and Fenton's Solution or Biochar on Removal Phenolic Compounds and Organic Load from Olive Mill Wastewater

مجلة علوم البحار والتقنيات البيئية Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI:10.59743/jmset.v8i2.63

K. M. Bushnaf, A. Okasha, Sulayman Omar Alhuweemdi

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Abstract

The chemical properties of the wastewater of 17 olive mills in the area between Al-Dafniyah into Qaraboli in the west of Libya were studied and chemical coagulants such as alum, ferric chloride, chemical oxidation, and biochar were used to remove the organic load and phenolic compounds from this water. The results showed that the wastewater of the olive mill is highly acidic with an average pH of 5.15 and its high content of solids reached 192 g/L, while the average of dissolved solids was 63.5 g/L and the organic solids were about 90% of the total solids and the average of chemical oxygen demand is 104.9 g O2/L, and the concentration of phenolic compounds is high and it was 1.86 g /L. In addition, the results showed that the usage of Ferric chloride as a coagulant gave higher removal percentage of phenolic compounds, dissolved solids, and chemical oxygen demand in comparison with Alum in the pH range of 6-9. The removal percentage was higher in alkaline pH, especially for phenolic compounds. Moreover, increasing the amount of the coagulant from 2 to 16 g/L enhanced the removal of phenolic compounds and chemical oxygen demand, while the removal efficiency of dissolved solids was weak, which required the use of chemical oxidation and adsorption on biochar to improve the efficiency of the removal. Although sequential treatments by coagulants and chemical oxidation by Fenton solution or biochar improved the percentage of removal in biochar treatments compared to chemical oxidation, the concentration of pollutants is still high for disposal, especially phenolic compounds. As a result of that, these methods need more studies to improve them. Langmuir and Freundlich’s models gave a good describing the adsorption of phenolic compounds on the surface of biochar. However, the adsorption capacity is low compared to the scientific literature, because this study uses raw olive mill wastewater with a high organic load, which causes competition between these substances on the adsorption sites or inhibits adsorption by depositing them on the surface of the biochar.

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混凝剂(氯化铁或明矾)、Fenton溶液或生物炭顺序使用对橄榄厂废水中酚类化合物和有机负荷去除的影响

研究了利比亚西部Al-Dafniyah和Qaraboli之间地区17家橄榄厂废水的化学性质，并使用明矾、氯化铁、化学氧化和生物炭等化学混凝剂去除水中的有机负荷和酚类化合物。结果表明:橄榄厂废水呈强酸性，平均pH为5.15，固体高含量达到192 g/L，溶解固体平均为63.5 g/L，有机固体约占总固体的90%，化学需氧量平均为104.9 g O2/L，酚类化合物浓度高，为1.86 g/L。结果表明，在pH为6 ~ 9范围内，氯化铁作为混凝剂对酚类化合物、溶解固体和化学需氧量的去除率高于明矾。在碱性条件下，对酚类化合物的去除率较高。当混凝剂投加量从2 g/L增加到16 g/L时，对酚类化合物和化学需氧量的去除效果增强，而对溶解固形物的去除效果较弱，这就需要利用生物炭的化学氧化吸附来提高去除效率。虽然与化学氧化相比，混凝剂和Fenton溶液或生物炭的顺序处理提高了生物炭处理的去除率，但污染物的浓度仍然很高，特别是酚类化合物。因此，这些方法需要更多的研究来改进。Langmuir和Freundlich的模型很好地描述了酚类化合物在生物炭表面的吸附。然而，与科学文献相比，其吸附能力较低，因为本研究使用的橄榄厂原废水具有较高的有机负荷，这会导致这些物质在吸附位点上竞争，或者通过将它们沉积在生物炭表面来抑制吸附。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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مجلة علوم البحار والتقنيات البيئية

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