[Skeletal variations in children with Class II division 1 malocclusion].

Abstract

The aim of this investigation was to determine skeletal variations in patients with class II division 1. malocclusion. It was analyzed sagittal position of upper and lower jaws in relation to the cranial base. The sample consisted of 45 patients of both sexes, aged between 7 and 14 years. Antero-posterior position of maxilla and mandible in relation to the cranial base was assessed from tracings of lateral cephalometric radiographs of angles SNA and SNB and inter-jaw relationship from tracings of angle ANB by the Steiner's method. The angles of maxillary and mandibular inclination were measured by the Schwarz's method. Mean values were determined, as well as skeletal variations and their distribution together with combination of maxillary and mandibular inclination and their percentage of occurrence in our sample. Five different variations of skeletal type were identified: combination of maxillary and mandibular retrognatism was predominant (68.89% of cases); maxillary prognatism combined with mandibular retrognatism followed with 13.33% of cases; combined prognatism of both jaws was found in 6.67% of cases, and so was orthognathism of upper jaw with retrognathism of mandible, while maxillary prognathism with mandibular orthognathism was recorded in 4.44% of cases. The analysis of jaw inclination shows the greatest percentage of maxillary anteinclination and mandibular retroinclination (46.67%); 33.33% of children had retroinclination of both jaws; 13.33% of cases had normoinclination of maxilla and retroinclination of mandible; in 3 cases other rare combinations were found. Results indicate the necessity for differential approach to orthodontic treatment of this anomality.