An improved LEACH protocol based on energy weight and distance weight

Abstract

LEACH algorithm is a classic wireless sensor network protocol. Prolonging the network lifetime has always been its core proposition. In the light of the randomness of cluster head election in LEACH protocol, LEACH-OR protocol adds weight factor Q with distance weight and energy weight to the original threshold formula to extend the network lifetime. This paper analyzes the shortcomings of classic LEACH protocol and proposes an improved protocol LEACH-IMPROVED based on LEACH-OR. The author turns weight factor Q into function to balance the distance weight and energy weight so that nodes with much more energy and a suitable distance can be selected as cluster heads, and the distance weight and energy weight are changing all the time according to the residual energy. The simulation shows that the lifetime of LEACH IMPROVED protocol is extended by 30%~40% when compared with LEACH algorithm, and the energy efficiency is improved.