The socio-ecological context of school anxiety in adolescents

Abstract

The current article proposes a socio-ecological framework of school anxiety to explore adolescent school anxiety (through individual characteristics), in relation to the microsystem (through relationships with parents and peers), the mesosystem (through school organizational culture, relationships with teachers), the exosystem (through the extended school community) and the macrosystem (through social norms and government initiatives).Considering that the phenomenon of school anxiety among adolescents has several facets, its analysis in the con-text of psycho-pedagogical and social conditions offers a wider space for understanding the phenomenon. Determinants/risk factors include: individual, family, school, societal factors. The main points of the presented socio-ecological framework of school anxiety are based on analysis of literature and research. The framework and suggested practices would be strengthened using practical intervention and produce more evidence-based data