The Depositional Environments and Provenance Characteristics of Selected Sediments, South of Yewa River, Eastern Dahomey Basin, South Western Nigeria

Popoola Samuel Olatunde, A. Juliano, Oyatola Opeyemi Otolorin
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

An inorganic geochemical study of a clay and shale sediments sequence around Araromi and Irogun- akere (the Southern part of Yewa River), Eastern dahomey basin, south western Nigeria, was carried out to determine the sediment's depositional conditions, provenance and tectonics. Fifteen shale and clay sediment samples underwent mineralogical and geochemical analysis involving major, trace and rare earth element analysis at acme analytic laboratory, Ontario, Canada using an ICP mass spectrometer (Perkin-Elmer, Elan 6000). Mineralogical studies using X-ray diffraction analysis revealed prominent kaolinite, montmorillonite and illite peaks; accessory minerals included quartz and microcline. Major element abundance showed that the shale samples consist of SiO2 (44.77%), Al2O3 (15.01%) and Fe2O3 (5.75%), constituting more than 65% of bulk chemical composition. Thirty-four elements trace metals; heavy rare earth elements and light rare earth elements analysis were quantified from the geochemical analysis. The shale sediments exhibit higher Ni, Ba, CO, Zr, Rb and Th concentrations than clay sediments, whereas clay samples are Sr-, Zn,, Pb- and U-enriched .Light rare earth element (La, Ce, Nd,Sm,Pr) were enrich in shale and clay sediment samples while, heavy rare earth elements (Tb, Yb, Lu, Gd ,Dy ,Ho, TM and Eu) are depleted. High TiO2 and Rb/K2O values also indicated that the shale and clay samples were matured. Geochemical parameters such as U, U/Th, Ni/Co and Cu/Zn ratios indicated that these shales were deposited in oxic conditions; the Al2O3/TiO2 ratio suggested that intermediate igneous rocks were probable source rocks for the shale, while mafic rocks were suggested as being source rocks for the claystone. However, the La/Sc, Th/Sc, Th/Co ratios and shale and clay sediment plots revealed that they came within the range given for felsic rocks as provenance, thereby suggesting mixed provenance for the sediments. A passive-margin tectonic setting was adduced for the sedimentary sequences.
尼日利亚西南部达荷美盆地东部耶瓦河以南部分沉积物沉积环境及物源特征
对尼日利亚西南部达荷美盆地东部Araromi和Irogun- akere (Yewa河南部)附近的粘土和页岩沉积序列进行了无机地球化学研究,以确定其沉积条件、物源和构造特征。在加拿大安大略省的acme分析实验室,使用ICP质谱仪(Perkin-Elmer, Elan 6000)对15个页岩和粘土沉积物样品进行了矿物学和地球化学分析,包括主要元素、痕量元素和稀土元素分析。x射线衍射分析矿物学研究发现高岭石、蒙脱石和伊利石峰突出;副矿物包括石英和微斜长石。主元素丰度表明,页岩样品主要由SiO2(44.77%)、Al2O3(15.01%)和Fe2O3(5.75%)组成,占样品化学成分的65%以上。微量金属元素34种;通过地球化学分析对重稀土元素和轻稀土元素进行了定量分析。泥质沉积物中Ni、Ba、CO、Zr、Rb和Th的含量高于泥质沉积物,而泥质沉积物则富集Sr、Zn、Pb和u,轻稀土元素(La、Ce、Nd、Sm、Pr)在泥质沉积物中富集,重稀土元素(Tb、Yb、Lu、Gd、Dy、Ho、TM和Eu)富集。较高的TiO2和Rb/K2O值也表明页岩和粘土样品已经成熟。U、U/Th、Ni/Co、Cu/Zn等地球化学参数表明,这些页岩在缺氧条件下沉积;Al2O3/TiO2比值表明中火成岩可能是页岩的烃源岩,而基性岩可能是粘土岩的烃源岩。然而,La/Sc、Th/Sc、Th/Co比值以及页岩和粘土沉积物样地显示,它们都在长英质岩作为物源的范围内,从而表明沉积物的物源是混合的。沉积层序形成于被动边缘构造环境。
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