Bathing Behaviour in Spotted Hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) in Laikipia, Kenya: Two Observational Cases

A. Matsumoto-Oda
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

ABSTRACT Homeothermic animals have regulatory mechanisms to maintain a constant body temperature in response to harsh climatic conditions. In low latitude areas near the equator, animals have adapted a coat to avoid strong UV rays, but a thick coat interferes with heat dissipation due to high daytime temperatures. Therefore, animals spend hot hours in cool shade or dens as the most common method to avoid overheating Alternatively, some animals cool themselves by bathing with sand, mud or water. Spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) are medium-sized carnivorous animals weighing about 45–70 kg, and aredouble coated. Bathing is a well-known behaviour in spotted hyenas, but it is not clear from natural historical descriptions whether their bathing is a heat-resistant behaviour. Here we report on two bathing observation cases of hyena and describe them with reference to the heat resistance function of bathing based on the time and temperature at which observations occurred. A wild hyena of a four-headed clan inhabiting Laikipia, Kenya bathed in a pool at around 18:00 h and 9:00 h in the dry season. The temperature at 18:00 h showed largest difference from the highest annual mean temperature. The bathing at 9:00 h in the morning was the time when the temperature began to rise. These observations suggest that hyena bathing may be a heat-avoiding behaviour. Bathing also has other functions such as parasite extermination, play and ambush hunting, hence more observations are needed in the future.
肯尼亚莱基皮亚斑点鬣狗(Crocuta Crocuta)的洗澡行为:两个观察案例
恒温动物具有调节机制来维持恒定体温以应对恶劣的气候条件。在赤道附近的低纬度地区,动物们已经适应了皮毛以避免强烈的紫外线,但由于白天的高温,厚厚的皮毛会干扰散热。因此,动物们在炎热的时候呆在阴凉的地方或洞穴里,这是避免过热的最常见方法。另外,一些动物用沙子、泥土或水洗澡来降温。斑点鬣狗(Crocuta Crocuta)是一种中型肉食性动物,体重约45-70公斤,有双层皮毛。洗澡是斑点鬣狗的一种众所周知的行为,但从自然历史描述中尚不清楚它们的洗澡是否是一种耐热行为。本文报道了两个鬣狗洗澡的观察案例,并根据观察发生的时间和温度,参考洗澡的热阻函数对它们进行了描述。居住在肯尼亚莱基皮亚的一个四头氏族的野生鬣狗在旱季的18点到9点左右在一个水池里洗澡。18时温度与最高年平均温度差异最大。早上9点洗澡是体温开始上升的时间。这些观察结果表明,鬣狗洗澡可能是一种避热行为。洗澡还有其他功能,如消灭寄生虫、玩耍和伏击狩猎,因此需要在未来进行更多的观察。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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