Implementation inUkraineof positive foreign experience in the prevention of crimes associated with illegal transplantation

Abstract

The article presents an analysis of various crime prevention systems related to illegal transplantation in foreign countries and identifies the main aspects of effective crime prevention, which should be addressed in the process of establishing a system for the prevention of this type of crime in Ukraine. The study is based on the best practices of only those European countries (Croatia, Belgium, Israel, Poland, Spain) that have been able to minimize trafficking in human organs for transplantation and trafficking in anatomical materials through well-selected prevention measures.In Ukraine, for the period from 2010 to 2019, according to the National Police of Ukraine and the General Prosecutor's Office of Ukraine, 58 crimes under Art. 143 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine «Violation of the procedure established by law for the transplantation of human anatomical materials» and 4 acts under Art. 149 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine (in particular, regarding human trafficking committed for the purpose of exploitation in the form of organ harvesting for transplantation). Analyzing the official data of criminal statistics on registered crimes related to the illegal transplantation of human anatomical materials on the territory of Ukraine, it can be assumed that these problems are not relevant for our state. At the same time, contrary to official criminal statistics, at one of the last meetings of the Council of Europe, attention was focused on the fact that traffickers in human organs or human tissues are actively operating on the territory of Eastern European states and, in particular, in Ukraine.The author proposes a comprehensive system of measures to prevent these criminal acts in Ukraine