Combined effects of salinity and temperature on survival and growth during the early life cycle of the rock oyster Saccostrea cuccullata (Born, 1778)

J. Marcelino, A. Macia, M. Mafambissa, Diego Castejón, Carlos Andrade
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Abstract

Temperature and salinity are among the critical factors affecting the survival and growth of bivalve larvae. The combined effects of temperature and salinity on the embryonic and larval development of the rock oyster Saccostrea cuccullata (von Born, 1778) in culture conditions were investigated in a laboratory study on Inhaca Island, Mozambique. A factorial experimental design tested three temperatures (24, 30 and 34 ºC) and three salinities (30, 35 and 40 parts per thousand) over a seven-day period. Larval survival and growth (in height and length) were assessed by regular sampling by counting and measurement of larvae under an optical microscope equipped with a micrometric scale. Significantly higher larval survival was observed at the combination of 30 °C and 35 salinity. However, the mid-range temperature (30 ºC) and highest salinity (40) resulted in faster growth of the larvae. The lowest temperature (24 ºC) negatively affected growth regardless of salinity level and survival decreased linearly with increasing salinities. The present results will aid in the understanding of the environmental factors behind the natural recruitment of spat of S. cuccullata and contribute to the optimization of rearing protocols for the larval culture of this oyster species.
盐度和温度对岩生牡蛎(Saccostrea cuccullata)早期生存和生长的综合影响
温度和盐度是影响双壳类幼虫生存和生长的关键因素。在莫桑比克Inhaca岛的一项实验室研究中,研究了温度和盐度在培养条件下对Saccostrea cuccullata (von Born, 1778)岩牡蛎胚胎和幼虫发育的综合影响。一项析因实验设计在7天内测试了三种温度(24、30和34℃)和三种盐度(30、35和40‰)。在配备微米刻度的光学显微镜下,定期取样,对幼虫进行计数和测量,以评估幼虫的存活和生长情况(高度和长度)。在30°C和35°盐度的组合下,幼虫存活率显著提高。而中温(30℃)和最高盐度(40℃)条件下,幼虫生长较快。无论盐度高低,最低温度(24ºC)对生长均有负面影响,存活率随盐度升高呈线性下降。本研究结果将有助于了解黄瓜牡蛎自然繁殖的环境因素,并有助于优化该牡蛎的幼虫培养方案。
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