Creative Forces for Entrepreneurship: The Role of Institutional Change Agents

F. Welter, D. Smallbone
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引用次数: 5

Abstract

The paper reviews the current discussion on institutional change and institutional entrepreneurship. Specifically, it focuses on institutional change agents, by which we mean individuals whose actions can be shown to have contributed to formal or informal institutional change, to the benefit of the wider economy or society as well as to themselves. It aims to explore their antecedents and behaviours, and the contingent factors contributing to institutional change, both intentionally and unintentionally. We find that the concept of institutional entrepreneurship does not provide an adequate conceptual underpinning for incorporating human agency into institutionalised theory. We therefore argue that a focus on institutional change agents may be more productive. Whilst institutional theory recognises the impact of institutions on entrepreneurs and individuals, this paper draws attention to the role of human agency for institutional change. Institutional change can happen intentionally and as an unintended by-product of entrepreneurial or organisational 'path-dependent' behaviour. The implication of this is that it is not only intentional behaviour which contributes to institutional change, but rather any entrepreneurial behaviour which implicitly or explicitly questions existing institutions. Thus, the paper adds to the current debate on institutional entrepreneurship.
企业家精神的创造力:制度变革推动者的角色
本文回顾了当前关于制度变迁与制度企业家精神的讨论。具体来说,它侧重于制度变革的推动者,我们指的是那些其行为可以被证明对正式或非正式的制度变革做出了贡献的个人,有利于更广泛的经济或社会以及他们自己。它旨在探索他们的前因和行为,以及促成制度变革的偶然因素,无论是有意的还是无意的。我们发现,制度性企业家精神的概念并没有为将人的能动性纳入制度化理论提供充分的概念基础。因此,我们认为,对制度变革推动者的关注可能更有成效。虽然制度理论承认制度对企业家和个人的影响,但本文提请注意制度变革中人类代理的作用。制度变革可以是有意发生的,也可以是企业或组织“路径依赖”行为的意外副产品。这意味着,不仅是有意的行为有助于制度变革,而且任何隐含或明确地质疑现有制度的企业行为都有助于制度变革。因此,本文增加了当前关于机构企业家精神的争论。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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