TELISIK KAJIAN “MANUSIA DALAM ALQUR’AN” (MANUSIA SEBAGAI AGEN PERUBAHAN)

Abstract

The role and responsibilities of humans are so heavy due to their existence as Khalifah, namely God's representative on earth. as the caliph whose duty is to prosper the earth, humans are the central theme of the drama of the creation of the universe. If likened to a book, then the universe is the pre-discourse that leads to the contents of the book, while humans themselves are the core content or content of the book. In the context of changes made by Muslims, there are historical facts that describe the ups and downs of these changes in three phases. First, the period of faith (marhalat al-îmân) which began at the beginning of the revelation of the Qur'ân and ended at the Siffin war. At this time, the spiritual element of the Muslim community was still very strong, and only began to relax after the Siffin war. Second, the phase of Islamic culture (marhalat as-saqâfah al-Islâmiyyah) which is marked by the maturation in thinking and understanding of al-Qur'ân and al-Hadith as concepts. This situation allegedly gave birth to the brilliance of civilization which ended with the collapse of the Muwahhidin dynasty. While the third period is the period of underdevelopment and decline that began after the collapse of the Muwahhidin dynasty. Muslim society in the post-Muwahhidîn phase is human beings who are qâbi li al-isti'mâr (imperialable: ready [to be] colonized), more than just colonized (musta'mar). When citing the verse of the Qur'an "Indeed, Allah will not change what is in a people before they themselves change what is in themselves. Q.S. ar-Ra'd, [13]: 11. The sentence "mâ bi qawmin" in that verse means "what exists in a people (group of people) in the form of setbacks, progress and outward forms of civilization". While the sentence "mâ bi anfusihim" which is contained in the end of the verse, can be interpreted as "what is in them" in the form of awareness that exists in the people such as thoughts, ways of thinking, mentality and spirit of progressivity. With any interpretation of that verse, it can be concluded that in order to change the decline of civilization into progress, Muslims must first make a change in their way of thinking and mentality (as a form of "ma bi anfusihim"). This is what has recently become the main concern of efforts to re-promote Islamic civilization which are carried out both by individuals and groups.