Special physical training of qualified wrestlers of individual styles of wrestling

Abstract

Background and Study Aim: Special physical preparedness of wrestlers is one of the main factors for achieving the highest possible results in competitive activity. Physical qualities can differ significantly among wrestlers of the same skill level, but different individual styles. In this regard, this study is aimed at improving the methods of special physical training of qualified wrestlers, taking into account individual styles of wrestling. Material and Methods: The study involved 30 wrestlers of middle weight categories (72 kg, 77 kg, 82 kg). The participants were divided into two groups: control group - 15 athletes, average age (18.96±1.09) years, average weight (76.27±5.58) kg; experimental group - 15 people, average age (19.07±0.95) years, average weight (75.87±5.68) kg. All participants belonged to athletes of a high level of skill. Training tasks were developed to improve the methodology of special physical training of wrestlers, taking into account the styles of wrestling. The proposed program was tested in a pedagogical experiment that lasted one year. Significance of differences between groups was assessed using nonparametric signs (z) and Rosenbaum (Q) tests. Results: during the experiment, the increase in the results of special physical preparedness among the wrestlers of the experimental group is much higher in all tests and it is in the range from 6% to 14%, and in the control group it is lower - from 2% to 3%. Also, these results were confirmed by a non-parametric criterion of signs. So, the wrestlers of the experimental group at the end of the experiment showed an improvement in performance. A significant increase in the results in the «Pull up» test was shown (z=1; p<0.01). The time to complete the tests significantly decreased: «10 back arch throws» (z=0; p<0.01), «10 suplexes» (z=0; p<0.01), «Flips on the gymnastic “bridge”» (z=0; p <0.01), «Running on the wrestling “Bridge”» (z=0; p<0.01), «10 forward somersaults» (z=0; p<0.01), «Three series of 15 back arch throws» (z=3; p<0.05). The number of repetitions in the tests increased: «Pull-up in 20 s» (z=4; p>0.05), «Push-up in 20 s» (z=4; р>0.05). Conclusions: The fulfillment of the developed training tasks by the wrestlers of the experimental group made it possible at the end of the experiment to show significantly better results in terms of special physical fitness than the athletes of the control group (p<0.05-0.01). Such results testify to the effectiveness of the proposed methodology and the possibility of its implementation in the training process.