GFO: The General Formal Ontology

Appl. Ontology Pub Date : 2022-02-09 DOI:10.3233/ao-220264
F. Loebe, P. Burek, H. Herre
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

The General Formal Ontology (GFO) is a top-level ontology that is being developed at the University of Leipzig since 1999. Besides introducing some of the basic principles of the ontology, we expound axiomatic fragments of its formalization and present ontological models of several use cases. GFO is a top-level ontology that integrates objects and processes into a unified framework, in a way that differs significantly from other ontologies. Another unique selling feature of GFO is its meta-ontological architecture, which includes set theory into ontology and which accounts for its specific role in common representation approaches. The second level of that architecture starts from the distinction of categories and individuals, which forms the backbone of the world’s structure. Furthermore, GFO comprises several kinds of categories, among them universals and concepts, and it considers several ontological regions and levels. In the context of this special issue paper, we study five pre-determined use cases from the perspective of GFO. The results of these analyses yield insights into how the ontology treats several important notions. Very abridged, this covers material objects and their composition; roles and social entities; properties with their relations to objects and processes, and their changing; changes of processes, including a functional perspective; and, eventually, the nature and changing of concepts as well as terminology. A final part summarizes application projects that use GFO in various contexts.
GFO:一般形式本体
通用形式本体(GFO)是自1999年以来由莱比锡大学开发的顶级本体。除了介绍本体的一些基本原理外,我们还阐述了本体形式化的公理片段,并给出了几个用例的本体模型。GFO是一个顶级本体,它以一种与其他本体明显不同的方式将对象和过程集成到一个统一的框架中。GFO的另一个独特的卖点是它的元本体架构,它将集合理论纳入本体,并解释了它在常见表示方法中的特定作用。该体系结构的第二层从类别和个人的区分开始,它们构成了世界结构的支柱。此外,GFO包括几种类别,其中包括普遍性和概念,并考虑了几个本体论区域和层次。在这篇特刊论文的背景下,我们从GFO的角度研究了五个预先确定的用例。这些分析的结果产生了对本体如何处理几个重要概念的见解。非常简略,它涵盖了物质对象及其组成;角色和社会实体;属性及其与对象和过程的关系及其变化;过程的变化,包括功能角度;最后,概念和术语的本质和变化。最后一部分总结了在各种上下文中使用GFO的应用程序项目。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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