Przestrzeń liturgiczna w konstantyńskiej bazylice Bożego Grobu i Zmartwychwstania Pańskiego w Jerozolimie

Abstract

The liturgical space in the Constantine’s basilica of the holy sepulchre in Jerusalem The article examines the question of the liturgical space in the complex of sacred buildings, commemorating the place of the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, ris-en by the Emperor Constantine the Great at the beginning of the IV century in Jerusa-lem. The complex was comprised of three single sites. The first of them was the great basilica called Martyrium where most of the liturgies were celebrated. The second place embraced the spacious courtyard with the rock of Golgotha at the top of which was the golden and precious cross. The sources usually call it Crux or Golgotha. The third liturgical space consisted of the impressive rotunda of Anastasis containing the aedicule of the Tomb of Jesus. This way of creating the liturgical space permitted the liturgy of Jerusalem in the first millennium to develop its proper celebrations which further became the model for other rites and liturgies of the East and West. The whole complex was destroyed in 1009 and the Martyrium together with the courtyard of the Golgotha were never rebuilt.