Transitional Justice without Transition

Beth van Schaack
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Abstract

The penultimate chapter offers a discussion of the prospects for a genuine transitional justice process in Syria. Chapter 10 begins with a short history of the development of the archetypal tools within the transitional justice toolkit—criminal accountability, truth commissions, reparations, amnesties, lustration, institutional reform, and guarantees of nonrecurrence—and the way in which transitional justice efforts have become increasingly internationalized. This enhanced involvement of the international community in promoting transitional justice reflects the belief—premised on historical case studies and emerging empirical research—that societies in transition must address the crimes of the past in some capacity or risk their repetition. The chapter surveys the most recent research testing these claims, which has benefited from the creation of a number of new databases gleaned from states in transition. The chapter then describes ways in which the international community has tried to prepare for a future transitional justice process in Syria even in the absence of a political transition, including by training Syrian advocates, surveying Syrian communities to understand their knowledge of transitional justice and preferences for Syria, promoting psychosocial rehabilitation and solidarity among victims, and preparing for truth-telling exercises and institutional reform measures. The conclusion suggests ways in which the international community could still promote some form of transitional justice as part of the reconstruction process, even if Assad remains in power, which seems increasingly likely.
没有过渡的过渡司法
倒数第二章讨论了叙利亚真正过渡时期司法进程的前景。第10章首先简要介绍了过渡时期司法工具包中典型工具的发展历史——刑事问责制、真相委员会、赔偿、大赦、清算、机构改革和保证不再发生——以及过渡时期司法努力日益国际化的方式。国际社会在促进过渡时期司法方面的这种加强参与反映了一种信念——以历史案例研究和正在出现的实证研究为前提——即转型期社会必须以某种身份处理过去的罪行,否则就有重蹈覆辙的危险。这一章调查了验证这些说法的最新研究,这些研究得益于从转型国家收集的一些新数据库的创建。然后,本章描述了国际社会在没有政治过渡的情况下为叙利亚未来的过渡司法进程做准备的方式,包括培训叙利亚倡导者,调查叙利亚社区以了解他们对过渡司法的知识和对叙利亚的偏好,促进受害者的社会心理康复和团结,以及为讲述真相的练习和机构改革措施做准备。结论表明,即使阿萨德继续掌权(这似乎越来越有可能),国际社会仍可以推动某种形式的过渡正义,作为重建进程的一部分。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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