Knowledge, Awareness, and Practice of Preventive Measures Against COVID-19: A Prospective Observational Study from Pakistan

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rapidly spreading global emergency, causing significant damage to the global economy and health care. Knowledge and awareness are crucial elements in stimulating self-imposed preventive measures. Objectives: We evaluated the knowledge and awareness about COVID-19 and the practice of hygiene measures to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in Karachi, Pakistan, between March 01 and March 25, 2020, using a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. All individuals aged 18 years or above were included in the study. The individuals who had no formal education were excluded from the study. A self-reported questionnaire assessing knowledge, awareness, and practices was distributed among the participants. Results: The mean age ± SD of the study population was 29.11 ± 7.8 years. In our study, 424 (98.6%) participants knew that a virus causes COVID-19, and most were knowledgeable about the disease's transmission mode. Higher education status and the medical profession were associated with the better practice of preventive measures. Conclusions: We recommend that knowledge about COVID-19 and preventive measures be spread across the country via electronic media.